Acquired facial lipoatrophy: pathogenesis and therapeutic options

Acquired facial lipoatrophy: pathogenesis and therapeutic options

Facial lipoatrophy refers to the loss of subcutaneous fat tissue presenting by flattening or indentation of convex contour of the face. Facial lipoatrophy is a feature of the normal ageing process. It may be also a manifestation of chronic diseases, most frequently it affects HIV-infected individuals treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and may constitute a complication of ...

Facial Lipoatrophy and AIDS

Metachromatic leukodystrophy: genetics, pathogenesis and therapeutic options.

UNLABELLED Metachromatic leukodystrophy is a lysosomal storage disease caused by the deficiency of arylsulphatase A (ASA). This leads to storage of the membrane lipid sulphatide, which is abundant in myelin. A pathological hallmark of the disease is demyelination, causing various and ultimately lethal neurological symptoms. Today more than 110 mutations in the ASA gene have been identified, of ...

West Nile virus: pathogenesis and therapeutic options.

West Nile virus, a member of the family Flaviviridae, has spread throughout the United States. With more than 9000 cases and 200 deaths in 2003, West Nile virus has become the most common cause of viral encephalitis in several states. West Nile virus encephalitis is a zoonosis. The life cycle of the virus includes mainly birds as hosts and mosquitoes as vectors. Humans are accidental hosts, ins...

Lagophthalmos after facial palsy: current therapeutic options.

As the facial nerve carries sensory, motor and parasympathetic fibres involved in facial muscle innervation, facial palsy results in functional and cosmetic impairment. It can result from a wide variety of causes like infectious processes, trauma, neoplasms, autoimmune diseases, and most commonly Bell's palsy, but it can also be of iatrogenic origin. The main ophthalmic sequel is lagophthalmos....